Utility, process or heating boiler steam (S), clean steam (CS), and chemical-free steam (CFS) are all options in the steam humidification world. The search often …
Existing Hydronic System Volume Calculations
During a recent visit to a K-12 school hydronic system, I was asked if there was a way to determine the total system volume. My tongue …
Minimum Boiler Efficiency & New D.O.E. Standards
The United States Department of Energy (DOE) has some minimum efficiency standards which go into effect on January 10, 2023, for Commercial Packaged Boilers. What …
Heat Pump Water Heaters: Chilled Water Source (Part 13)
Many heat pumps used in Ohio and Michigan are water source for comfort heating and cooling. Today, we want to look at the opportunity to …
Condensing Boiler Temperature Reset for Increased Efficiency (Part 3 of 4)
We are continuing with the series on Condensing Heating System Efficiency. Today, we are discussing condensing boiler temperature reset for increased efficiency. Hydronic condensing heating …
Packaged Domestic Hot Water Pathogen Mitigation
Domestic hot water systems should be designed to limit the risk of pathogen issues including Legionnaires Disease. Avoiding risk in the design of these systems …
Domestic Hot Water: Pathogen Mitigation
Hot water plumbing system design is a hot topic. The building plumbing design/engineering team is faced with a variety of new products, standards, and codes. …
Water Heaters & Hard Water: Template Assisted Crystallization
Hard water is the enemy of plumbing system water heater efficiency and life. Many water heater manufacturer’s warranties are affected by hard water precipitate. We …
How Water Quality and Seal Selection Affect Hydronic Systems
The water quality in hydronic systems directly affects the performance and life expectancy of the components in the systems. Total dissolved solids (TDS) and pH …
Legionella in Service Water Heating Systems
Over the last few weeks the Monday Morning Minutes (MMM) posts have reviewed the use of tankless water heaters vs. traditional storage type water heater …